Botox Injections

 

                                          

Everything about Botox Injections to keep you young and beautiful

Botox Injections: What You Need To Know

by Clare Hudson

Botulinum Toxin Type A, according to many people is an exciting way of treating wrinkles. However the treatment which is known as Botox has been used over the years to treat other cosmetic conditions such as muscle spasms on the face. This is what led to it being recognized as a treatment that can treat facial wrinkles. What is Botox? It is just one brand of the Botulinum Toxin Type A that is produced by the bacteria clostridium botulinum. This product is produced by the Allergan, Inc., a global specialty pharmaceutical company. The bacteria are considered harmful and life threatening and can lead to muscle paralysis or weakness. However Botox treatment is quite safe especially when used in small doses and injected directly to a specific area.
How Botox Works
Botox works by blocking the release of a chemical messenger (neurotransmitter) which is formally known as acetylcholine. This neurotransmitter found in the nerve cells usually transmits a nerve impulse to a muscle cell and causes it to contract. With the absence of acetylcholine the muscle cell is weakened leading to paralysis of the muscle. The Botox injection is restricted to the area under treatment simply because the effect is temporary and the nerve fibers have the capability of regenerating after a few months.
The use of Botox Injections
They are used to treat various medical conditions that include:
• Muscle spasms in the face or other localized area
• Twitching of the eyelid (blepharospasm)
• Muscle spasticity
• Muscle spasms in the neck (cervical dystonia) and
• Proper alignment of the eyes (strabismus)
Botox injections are also used to reduce excessive underarm sweating. This is done by blocking the action of the nerve cells that control the sweat glands. By being injected directly on the underarms they can treat localized hyperhidrosis.
In cosmetics treatments they are used to treat the vertical frown lines which are referred to as glabellar lines. These are found between eyebrows and are caused by the contraction of muscles when one frowns, squints or concentrates. Other lines such as crows feet (lines found at the corner of the eyes) and horizontal lines at the forehead can also be treated with Botox injections.
How Botox Injections Treat Wrinkles
Botox injections treat wrinkles on the face by weakening or causing paralysis of the muscles found on the face and pulling the skin. After about a week after the injections, the wrinkles and lines start disappearing. However this does not limit one from forming facial expressions.
The Lasting Period
After the injections and the disappearance of the wrinkles and lines, one can have an improved appearance for up to 6 months before having the treatment repeated. However with continued use, the effects of the injections last longer.
A number of patients who use the Botox injections end up developing antibodies that neutralize the effect of the injections resulting to ineffective treatment. This only happens when they repeatedly use the treatment.
How safe are Botox Injections?
When administered by medical professionals with a lot of experience in the treatment, the Botox injections are quite safe. There are some mild and temporary side effects are associated with the treatment. These include pain, bruising and tenderness associated with the Botox injection. It is common for most people to experience a slight headache right after the treatment is administered. Others also experience nausea and flu syndromes.
One of the significant side effects of the treatment is the risk of a drooping eye for a few days. Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding should avoid this treatment. Just like other medical treatments there are benefits and side effects that come with this treatment. It is important that you talk to your doctor to get all the facts right.
Where to get Botox Treatments
The cosmetic procedures can be performed by many types of health professionals. As a matter of fact, the Botox treatment should be administered by a medical professional with a lot of experience in the technique. A doctor should first let you know whether the treatment is good for you.

                                  

        Gas injections - Pneumoacupuncture

Pneumopuncture is an administration of minimal doses (1-5 ml) of medical carbon dioxide into acupunture points (sometimes this procedure is reffered to as gas injections). It is one of the ways how to stimulate the human body through stimulation (especially through mechanical or other forms of stimuli) of specific points of the skin surface.
Is is applied especially in pain syndromes of any origin, if necessary it affects muscle tension, muscle spasm or initiating points. The method is very often used in neurological indications, paresthetic conditions and in a number of other indications.

Facet injections

Cervical, Thoracic and Lumbar Facet Joint Injections

 

Facet joints are small joints at each segment of the spine that provide stability and help guide motion. The facet joints can become painful due to arthritis of the spine, a back injury or mechanical stress to the back. A cervical (neck), thoracic (upper back) or lumbar (lower back) facet joint injection involves injecting a steroid medication, which can anesthetize the facet joints and block the pain. The pain relief from a facet joint injection is intended to help a patient better tolerate a physical therapy routine to rehabilitate his or her injury or back condition.

Anatomy of the Cervical, Thoracic and Lumbar Facet Joints

The facet joints are paired joints in the back and neck, one pair at each vertebral level (one joint on each side of the vertebrae). These joints have opposing surfaces of cartilage (cushioning tissue between the bones) and a surrounding capsule that is filled with synovial fluid, which reduces the friction between bones that rub together.

Additional Injections Info:
Lumbar Steroid Injection
Epidural Injection Overview
Radiofrequency Neurotomy
Injections for Pain Management

Cervical facet joints are located on the back or side of the neck. Thoracic facet joints are in the upper back and lumbar facet joints are in the lower back. Depending on which joints are affected, pain can be located in different areas of the body:

• Cervical facet joints. Pain caused by cervical facet joints is usually felt in the head, neck, shoulder, and/or arm.
  
• Thoracic facet joints. Pain caused by thoracic facet joints is typically felt in the upper back, chest and/or arm (rarely).
  
• Lumbar facet joints. Pain cause by lumbar facet joints is typically felt in the lower back, hip, buttock, and/or leg.
  

Cervical, Thoracic and Lumbar Facet Joint Injection Procedure

As with many spinal injections, facet joint injections are best performed using fluoroscopy (live x-ray) for guidance to properly target and place the needle (and to help avoid nerve injury or other injury).
The injection procedure includes the following steps:

• An IV line will be started so that adequate relaxation medicine can be given, if needed.
  
• The patient lies face down on an x-ray table and the skin over the area to be treated is well cleaned.
  
• The physician numbs a small area of skin with an anesthetic (a numbing medicine). This may sting for a few seconds.
  
• The physician uses x-ray guidance (fluoroscopy) to direct a very small needle into the joint. Several drops of contrast dye are then injected to confirm that the medicine only goes into the joint.
  
• A small mixture of anesthetic (such as lidocaine)and anti-inflammatory medication (cortisone) is then slowly injected into the joint.
  

The injection itself only takes a few minutes, but the entire procedure usually takes between thirty and sixty minutes.After the procedure, the patient typically remains resting on the table for twenty to thirty minutes, and then is asked to move the area of usual discomfort to try to provoke the usual pain. Patients may or may not obtain pain relief in the first few hours after the injection, depending upon whether or not the joints that were injected are the main source of the patient’s pain. On occasion, the patient may feel numb or experience a slightly weak or odd feeling in the upper back for a few hours after the injection. On the day of the injection, patients are advised to avoid driving and avoid doing any strenuous activities.
The patient should record the levels of pain relief during the next week in a pain diary. Tracking the level of pain is helpful to clearly inform the treating physician of the injection results and in planning future tests and/or treatment, as needed.
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Peptic Ulcer

What is a peptic ulcer?

A peptic ulcer is a sore in the lining of your stomach or duodenum *. The duodenum is the first part of your small intestine. A peptic ulcer in the stomach is called a gastric ulcer. One that is in the duodenum is called a duodenal ulcer. A peptic ulcer also may develop just above your stomach in the esophagus, the tube that connects the mouth to the stomach. But most peptic ulcers develop in the stomach or duodenum.

What causes peptic ulcers?

Most peptic ulcers are caused by

• Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a germ that causes infection
• nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as aspirin and ibuprofen

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can cause peptic ulcers.
H. pylori is the most common cause of peptic ulcers. Doctors think H. pylori may be spread through unclean food or water or by mouth-to-mouth contact, such as kissing. Even though many people have an H. pylori infection, most of them never develop an ulcer.
Use of NSAIDs is the second most common cause of peptic ulcers. But not everyone who takes NSAIDs gets a peptic ulcer. Ulcers caused by NSAIDs are more often found in people who

• are age 60 or older
• are female
• have taken NSAIDs for a long time
• have had an ulcer before

Other causes of peptic ulcers are rare. One rare cause is Zollinger-Ellison syndrome—a disease that makes the body produce too much stomach acid, which harms the lining of the stomach or duodenum.
Stress or spicy food does not cause peptic ulcers, but either can make ulcer symptoms worse.
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What are the symptoms of peptic ulcers?

A dull or burning pain in your stomach is the most common symptom of peptic ulcers. You may feel the pain anywhere between your belly button and breastbone. The pain often

• starts between meals or during the night
• briefly stops if you eat or take antacids
• lasts for minutes to hours
• comes and goes for several days or weeks

Other symptoms of peptic ulcers may include

• weight loss
• poor appetite
• bloating
• burping
• vomiting
• feeling sick to your stomach

A dull or burning pain in your stomach is the most common symptom of peptic ulcers.
Even if your symptoms are mild, you may have peptic ulcers. You should see your doctor to talk about your symptoms. Peptic ulcers can get worse if they aren’t treated.
Call your doctor right away if you have

• sudden sharp stomach pain that doesn’t go away
• black or bloody stools
• bloody vomit or vomit that looks like coffee grounds

Call your doctor if the pain gets worse.
These symptoms could be signs an ulcer has

• broken a blood vessel
• gone through, or perforated, your stomach or duodenal wall
• stopped food from moving from your stomach into the duodenum

These symptoms must be treated quickly. You may need surgery.
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How are peptic ulcers diagnosed?

Tell your doctor about your symptoms and which medicines you take. Be sure to mention those you get without a prescription, such as Bayer, Motrin, Advil, or Aleve. These medicines are all NSAIDs.
To see if you have an H. pylori infection, your doctor will test your blood, breath, or stool. About half of all people who develop an ulcer from NSAIDs also have an H. pylori infection.
Your doctor also may want to look inside your stomach and duodenum by doing an endoscopy or an upper gastrointestinal (GI) series—a type of x ray. Both procedures are painless.

Peptic ulcers can show up on x rays.
For an endoscopy, you will be given medicine to relax you. Then the doctor will pass an endoscope—a thin, lighted tube with a tiny camera—through your mouth to your stomach and duodenum. Your doctor also may take a small piece of tissue—no bigger than a match head—to look at through a microscope. This process is called a biopsy.
For an upper GI series, you will drink a liquid called barium. The barium will make your stomach and duodenum show up clearly on the x rays.
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How are peptic ulcers treated?

If you have peptic ulcers, they can be cured. Depending on what caused your ulcers, your doctor may prescribe one or more of the following medicines:

• a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) or histamine receptor blocker (H2 blocker) to reduce stomach acid and protect the lining of your stomach and duodenum
• one or more antibiotics to kill an H. pylori infection
• a medicine that contains bismuth subsalicylate, such as Pepto-Bismol, to coat the ulcers and protect them from stomach acid

These medicines will stop the pain and help heal the ulcers.
If an NSAID caused your peptic ulcers, your doctor may tell you to

• stop taking the NSAID
• reduce how much of the NSAID you take
• take a PPI or H2 blocker with the NSAID
• switch to another medicine that won’t cause ulcers

You should take

• only the medicines your doctor tells you to take
• all medicines exactly as your doctor tells you to, even if your pain stops

Tell your doctor if the medicines make you feel sick or dizzy or cause diarrhea or headaches. Your doctor can change your medicines.
And if you smoke, quit. You also should avoid alcohol. Smoking and drinking alcohol slow the healing of ulcers and can make them worse.
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Can antacids or milk help peptic ulcers heal?

Neither antacids—such as Tums—nor milk can heal peptic ulcers, although each may make you feel better briefly. Check with your doctor before taking antacids or drinking milk while your ulcers are healing.
Some of the antibiotics used for H. pylori infection may not work as well if you take antacids. And while antacids may make ulcer pain go away for a while, they won’t kill the H. pylori germ. Only antibiotics can do that.
Many people used to think that drinking milk helped peptic ulcers heal. But doctors know now that while milk may make ulcers feel better briefly, it also increases stomach acid. Too much stomach acid makes ulcers worse.

Check with your doctor before taking antacids while your ulcers are healing.
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What if peptic ulcers don’t heal?

In many cases, medicines heal ulcers. If an H. pylori infection caused your ulcers, you must finish all antibiotics and take any other medicines your doctor prescribes. The infection and ulcers will only heal if you take all medicines as prescribed.
When you have finished your medicines, your doctor will do a breath or stool test to be sure the H. pylori infection is gone. Sometimes, the H. pylori germ is still there, even after a person has taken all the medicines correctly. If that happens, your doctor will prescribe different antibiotics to get rid of the infection and cure your ulcers.
Rarely, surgery is needed to help ulcers heal. You may need surgery if your ulcers

• don’t heal
• keep coming back
• bleed
• perforate the stomach or duodenal wall
• block food from moving out of the stomach

Surgery can

• remove the ulcers
• reduce the amount of acid in your stomach

Dicloran Inj

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CARDIOVASCULAR RISK

• NSAIDs may cause an increased risk of serious cardiovascular thrombotic events, myocardial infarction, and stroke, which can be fatal. This risk may increase with duration of use. Patients with cardiovascular disease or risk factors for cardiovascular disease may be at greater risk. (See WARNINGS.)
• Voltaren® (diclofenac sodium enteric-coated tablets) is contraindicated for the treatment of perioperative pain in the setting of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery (see WARNINGS).

GASTROINTESTINAL RISK

• NSAIDs cause an increased risk of serious gastrointestinal adverse events including inflammation, bleeding, ulceration, and perforation of the stomach or intestines, which can be fatal. These events can occur at any time during use and without warning symptoms. Elderly patients are at greater risk for serious gastrointestinal events. (See WARNINGS.)

What are the possible side effects of diclofenac (Cataflam, Voltaren, Voltaren-XR)?

Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.
Stop taking diclofenac and seek medical attention or call your doctor at once if you have any of these serious side effects:

• chest pain, weakness, shortness of breath, slurred speech, problems with vision or balance;
• black, bloody, or tarry stools;
• coughing up blood or vomit that looks...

Read All Potential Side Effects and See Pictures of Voltaren »

Voltaren® (diclofenac sodium enteric-coated tablets) is a benzene-acetic acid derivative. Voltaren (diclofenac sodium) is available as delayed-release (enteric-coated) tablets of 75 mg (light pink) for oral administration. The chemical name is 2-[(2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino] benzeneacetic acid, monosodium salt. The molecular weight is 318.14. Its molecular formula is C₁₄H₁₀Cl₂NNaO₂, and it has the following structural formula

The inactive ingredients in Voltaren (diclofenac sodium) include: hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, iron oxide, lactose, magnesium stearate, methacrylic acid copolymer, microcrystalline cellulose, polyethylene glycol, povidone, propylene glycol, sodium hydroxide, sodium starch glycolate, talc, titanium dioxide.

Teacher Communities

Teacher Communities
The very first free teacher resource I am going ot mention is something that you cannot directly use in the classroom, but is something that will be a continuing source of inspiration for new tools. New websites, blogs, applictions, software and trends are developed everyday that you can ue to capture student’s attention, but there is no way you can teach and keep track of all the new updates at the same time. This is why it is important to join other teachers online and share ideas, support each other and communicate. I am huge fan (as you all know) of collaboration. So, the first tip is to join some of these communities and just start browsing and talking:
Teacher Lingo.com is a great website for teachers to write helpful articles for each other.
Teacher Vision.com I like this website because it is all about saving time for teachers and providing free resources.

Teacher Communities

Teacher Communities
The very first free teacher resource I am going ot mention is something that you cannot directly use in the classroom, but is something that will be a continuing source of inspiration for new tools. New websites, blogs, applictions, software and trends are developed everyday that you can ue to capture student’s attention, but there is no way you can teach and keep track of all the new updates at the same time. This is why it is important to join other teachers online and share ideas, support each other and communicate. I am huge fan (as you all know) of collaboration. So, the first tip is to join some of these communities and just start browsing and talking:
Teacher Lingo.com is a great website for teachers to write helpful articles for each other.
Teacher Vision.com I like this website because it is all about saving time for teachers and providing free resources.